Brake Repair: Three Essential Checks to Ensure Safety and Longevity

Summary

Regular brake maintenance is essential for vehicle safety and performance. This article outlines three critical checks—fluid levels, pad wear, and wheel bearings—that can help you stay ahead of potential brake issues. By performing these checks, you can save money, time, and potentially lives. Learn how to inspect these components and understand the importance of each in maintaining your vehicle's brake system.

Checking Brake Fluid Levels

Brake fluid is stored in the master cylinder, a small rectangular metal component with metal tubes extending from it. Located under the hood on the driver’s side, the master cylinder has a plastic reservoir with a rubber cap on top. In older vehicles, this reservoir may also be metal.

Steps to Check Brake Fluid:

1. Locate the Master Cylinder: Under the hood on the driver’s side.
2. Inspect the Fluid Level: Ensure the fluid meets the indicated fill line.
3. Replenish if Necessary: If the fluid is below the fill line, carefully add more fluid, avoiding contamination from dirt, lint, or oil.

Why It Matters

Low brake fluid can lead to decreased braking efficiency and increased stopping distances. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), brake system failures contribute to approximately 22% of all vehicle crashes in the U.S. source.

Inspecting Brake Pads

Brake pads, also known as shoes, are crucial for effective braking. Over time, they wear down and need replacement.

Steps to Inspect Brake Pads:

1. Remove a Wheel: Refer to your owner’s manual for specific instructions.
2. Check Pad Thickness: Look for the lining thickness at the back of the caliper.
3. Minimum Thickness: Most manufacturers and state inspection codes require a minimum thickness of 1/32 of an inch.

Safety Precaution

Wear a proper mask to avoid inhaling brake dust, which may contain asbestos.

Why It Matters

Worn-out brake pads can significantly reduce braking performance. According to a study by the Federal Highway Administration, worn brake pads are a leading cause of brake-related accidents source.

Examining Wheel Bearings

Wheel bearings generally don’t require frequent attention but should be checked during other services when the car is lifted.

Steps to Check Wheel Bearings:

1. Listen for Noises: Unusual sounds can indicate worn bearings.
2. Check for Resistance: Spin the wheels and feel for any resistance.
3. Inspect for Wiggling: Push, pull, and shake the wheels to detect any looseness.

Why It Matters

Faulty wheel bearings can lead to wheel detachment, posing a severe safety risk. According to the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), wheel bearing failures are a significant factor in vehicle breakdowns source.

Conclusion

Regularly checking your brake fluid, pads, and wheel bearings can help you stay ahead of potential issues, saving you money on major repairs and ensuring your vehicle's safety. By performing these simple checks, you can prolong the life of your brakes and maintain optimal vehicle performance.

Additional Resources

• NHTSA Brake Safety
• Federal Highway Administration
• National Transportation Safety Board

By staying vigilant and performing these essential checks, you can ensure your vehicle remains safe and reliable on the road.