The Evolution of the EVO: The Changing Structure of the 4G63 Engine

Summary

The Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution's tenth generation will no longer feature the iconic 4G63 engine, marking the end of an era. This engine, which has powered the EVO since its inception, has undergone numerous refinements and upgrades, making it a legend in the automotive world. From its initial 250 horsepower to its final iteration producing 280 horsepower, the 4G63 engine has been a cornerstone of the EVO's performance. Despite its retirement, the 4G63 remains a beloved engine in the aftermarket and tuning communities.

The Legacy of the 4G63 Engine

The 4G63 engine has been a cornerstone of the Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution since its debut. Initially producing 250 horsepower, the engine saw incremental power increases with each generation, eventually reaching a peak of 280 horsepower. This power ceiling was an unwritten rule among Japanese automakers, aimed at maintaining a balance between performance and safety.

Evolution of the 4G63 Engine

1. First and Second Generations: The initial versions of the 4G63 engine had a compression ratio of 8.5:1. These engines were known for their reliability and performance, setting the stage for future enhancements.
2. Third Generation: The compression ratio was increased to 9:1, necessitating a redesign of the pistons, turbine, and peripheral parts. The cooling system was also upgraded to handle the increased power output.
3. Fourth and Fifth Generations: The pistons were made lighter, and the turbine's diameter was increased. These changes improved the engine's efficiency and performance.
4. Sixth Generation: The pistons were further strengthened, and a new oil cooling system was introduced to reduce piston temperature. The turbine was made from titanium-aluminum alloy, significantly reducing turbo lag.
5. Seventh and Eighth Generations: Mitsubishi introduced MIVEC (Mitsubishi Innovative Valve timing Electronic Control) technology, further enhancing the engine's performance and efficiency.

Performance and Tuning Potential

One of the most appealing aspects of the 4G63 engine is its tuning potential. Even with minimal modifications, such as removing the ECU limit, improving the exhaust system, and enhancing the ignition system, the engine can easily produce over 300 horsepower. With more extensive modifications, it can reach 400 horsepower or more. Some aftermarket kits, like those from HKS and JUN, can push the engine's power output to 700 horsepower or higher.

The End of an Era

Despite its legendary status, the 4G63 engine could not keep up with modern emissions standards and technological advancements. Mitsubishi's direct competitor, Subaru, had already upgraded the Impreza STI's engine from a 2.0L to a 2.5L displacement. In response, Mitsubishi announced that the tenth generation EVO would feature a new engine, marking the end of the 4G63 era.

The 4G63 in the Civil Market

Although the 4G63 engine is no longer used in the EVO, it still holds value in the civilian market. In 2001, Shenyang Aerospace Mitsubishi Engine Co., Ltd. began producing a simplified version of the 4G63 engine for domestic use. This version features a naturally aspirated design, a single overhead camshaft, and an electronic fuel injection system.

Durability and Reliability

The domestically produced 4G63 engine retains the durability and reliability of its predecessors. It was initially introduced with a 10-year, 200,000 km warranty, highlighting its robust design. This engine is used in various domestic vehicles, including the Geely EC8, Great Wall H6, and Chery Eastar.

Interesting Stats

• The 4G63 engine powered the Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution from 1992 to 2007, spanning nine generations.
• The engine's final iteration produced 280 horsepower, adhering to the Japanese automakers' "gentlemen's agreement" on power output.
• With aftermarket modifications, the 4G63 engine can produce up to 700 horsepower or more.

Conclusion

The 4G63 engine has left an indelible mark on the automotive world, particularly in the realm of high-performance vehicles. While it may no longer power the latest generation of the Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution, its legacy lives on in the tuning community and civilian market. The 4G63 engine will always be remembered as a symbol of engineering excellence and performance.

For more information on the history and evolution of the Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution, you can visit Mitsubishi Motors' official website. For detailed specifications and tuning guides, HKS's official website offers a wealth of information.