Know everything about Machineries

What is machinery?

A device that applies force, changes the direction of a force, or changes the strength of a force, in order to perform a task, generally involving work done on a load. They are often designed to yield a high mechanical advantage to reduce the effort needed to do that work.

Overview:

      Machineries are the tools can be powered from a variety of sources. Human and animal powers are options, as is energy captured through the use of waterwheels. However, modern machine tools began to develop only after the development of the steam engine, which led to the Industrial Revolution. Today, most machine tools are powered by electricity.

      Machine tools can be operated manually, or under automatic control. Early machines used flywheels to stabilize their motion and had complex systems of gears and levers to control the machine and the piece being worked on. Soon after World War II, the numerical control (NC) machine was developed. NC machines used a series of numbers punched on paper tape or punched cards to control their motion. In the 1960s, computers were added to give even more flexibility to the process. Such machines became known as computerized numerical control (CNC) machines. NC and CNC machines could precisely repeat sequences over and over, and could produce much more complex pieces than even the most skilled tool operators.

Before long, the machines could automatically change the specific cutting and shaping tools that were being used. For example, a drill machine might contain a magazine with a variety of drill bits for producing holes of various sizes. Previously, either machine operators would usually have to manually change the bit or move the work piece to another station to perform these different operations. The next logical step was to combine several different machine tools together, all under computer control. These are known as machining centers, and have dramatically changed the way parts are made.

From the simplest to the most complex, most machine tools are capable of at least partial self-replication, and produce machine parts as their primary function.

Need of Machineries:

     Machineries are the devices that aid man in the performance of work. Machines use energy to multiply a force, change the direction of a force, transform or transfer energy, or multiply speed. For example, a car jack is a machine that multiplies force exerted on its handle so that a relatively small force can lift a car off the ground. For instance, a force of about 50 N exerted on the jack handle produces a force of about 2 000 N on the car. Notice that the jack handle moves through a greater distance than the automobile.

     Machineries may also used to change the direction of a force. A single pulley at the top of a flagpole enables one end of the rope to exert an upward force on the flag as a downward force is exerted on the other end. Another use of a machine is to transform energy. A generator transforms mechanical energy into electrical energy. A steam turbine transforms heat energy into mechanical energy. We use machines to transfer energy from one place to another. The connecting rods, crankshafts, and axles transfer energy from the cylinders in the combustions engine of a car to the tires. We also use machines to multiply speed. A bicycle is also a machine that gains speed by exerting a greater force on it. No machine can be used to gain both force and speed at the same time.