Waste batteries will not only seriously harm the environment and human health, but also contains important resources, that is, non-ferrous metals, battery recycling not only can reduce the destruction of the living environment, but also can save resources.
The daily use battery is by chemical action, the popular talk is by the corrosive effect to produce electrical power.Battery has disposable batteries, secondary batteries and car batteries. Disposable batteries including button batteries, ordinary zinc-manganese batteries and alkaline batteries, most of disposable batteries were containing mercury. The secondary battery is mainly referring the rechargeable battery, which contain the heavy metal cadmium. Automotive waste batteries contain acid and heavy metals lead.
More using small secondary battery has nickel-cadmium, nickel hydrogen and lithium ion batteries. The total use is only hundreds of millions, and most of them are smaller, waste battery with lower recycling value, generally as household waste. Civilian dry cell is currently the largest using, also the most decentralized battery products, China’s annual consumption is nearly 8 billion. Mainly have zinc-manganese and alkaline manganese dioxide two series, also have a small amount of silver-zinc, lithium and other varieties. Due to the use dispersion, difficult to manage recovery, waste battery regeneration cost is large. Coupled lack the scientific, economic approaches, waste batteries generally as household waste.
Internationally, to the waste rechargeable batteries commonly use the recycling method to treat, to the waste dry battery is in the way of centralization burying. Some countries have dry cell treatment plant, but the processing cost is too high, the effectiveness is bad, should rely on government subsidies. China's current situation, landfill is still the best way. Recycling technology should develop toward the direction of lower costs, avoid secondary pollution. Take the road of developing new green battery at the same time: developing high-energy, pollution-free green battery, control the environmental pollution and resource consumption to a minimum at the beginning of manufacturing. So that make the production and recycling forming a virtuous circle, can be truly beneficial to the people and no harm to people, no harm to nature.
The battery products harmful to the environment are mainly the acid, alkali and other electrolyte solution and heavy metal pollution. Different types of batteries with different pollutants. According to metal powder supplier, the harmful substances in the battery mainly have Zn, Hg, Ni, Pb, and other heavy metals, H2S04 in lead storage battery; KOH in various alkaline batteries and IiPP6 electrolyte in lithium batteries. Hg and its compounds, especially the organic mercury compounds with a strong biological toxicity, faster bioconcentration rate and a longer biological half-life of the brain organ. Cd easy enriched in plants and animals, affect the growth of plants and animals, with highly toxic. Pb adversely affect the chest, kidneys, reproductive, cardiovascular and other organs and systems of the human, manifested as decreased intelligence, kidney damage, infertility and hypertension. The toxicity of Zn, Ni is relatively small, but over a certain range of concentration would cause adverse effects and hazards. Acid, alkali electrolyte solution in the waste battery will affect the pH value of the soil water system, acidic or alkaline the soil and water systems.
Waste batteries is not only harmful to humans, it also contains a lot of resources. Such as button batteries containing lithium, manganese, silver and other precious metals; lead-acid batteries contain lead; mobile phone batteries contain cadmium, these substances with a high recovery value. Now there are some recycling factories start to do the recycle and extract work. In addition, in the ordinary batteries also contains zinc, copper, manganese powder and other resources. Non-ferrous metals in the waste batteries is a valuable natural resource, if can recycle the waste battery and reuse, not only can reduce the damage to our living environment, also can save resources.
Source:http://www.mhcmp.com
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