Semiconductor talent shortage is a global topic, and the water has risen so high that practitioner salaries have been high for the past few years, especially for IC design engineers, who are the focus of industry competition. However, as the industry as a whole entered a downward cycle in the second half of 2022, semiconductor practitioners' pay boom began to cool down, and since 2023, the change has become more obvious.
Declining revenues, cost-cutting, and significant layoffs have caused many semiconductor companies, especially IC design firms, to tighten their non-R&D recruiting amidst a host of negative factors. Some IC design companies with bright performance in 2022 said that considering the uncertainty of the industry's development prospects, the next talent recruitment action will be more cautious, as to when it can return to normal, some IC design companies said that they have to wait until the industry's development is back on track.
In the past two years, in order to compete for talents, many IC design companies have been grabbing people with excessive salary and benefit levels, which will return to the normal level this year.
The trade friction between China and the United States in recent years has made more and more people realize that semiconductors have a strategic position in the development of China's science and technology sector that cannot be ignored. Semiconductor is the top of the entire electronic information industry chain, is the basis for a variety of electronic end-products to operate, is widely used in consumer electronics, industrial and automotive end-markets, the semiconductor industry, the development of localization is imminent. In the upgrading of the science and technology industry, government support and capital attention, and even some industry insiders predict that semiconductor will be the largest technology wind mouth in China in the next five years.
Whether it is a boom in salary increases around 2021 or a cooling of the boom since the second half of 2022, the core factor is a shortage of talent, with the difference being that the shortage is severe in the 2021 timeframe and weakening in the 2022 timeframe. However, China's semiconductor talent shortage will continue, and it is difficult to solve in the short term.
According to statistics, in 2022, mainland China chip professionals shortfall of more than 200,000 people, 2023 industry-wide talent demand will reach about 76.65 million people.
A semi-official report shows that by 2024, the Chinese mainland chip talent demand will reach 78.9 million people, and as of 2021, the total number of employees in the industry is about 57.07 million, the current talent reserves lag far behind the industry demand. In the 78.9 million people required in 2024, 40% of the IC design-related practitioners will reach 325,200 people.
For the chip talent shortage, Hudson Recruitment Business China Managing Director Song Qian said that the industry's talent flow "is often a carrot (refers to candidates, job seekers) N pit (refers to the company), as long as he is willing to move, each pit can be a very high price to recruit, the average increase in salary is about 50%. Totally want to move the carrot to choose, I want which pit, I want to increase how much income.
In the past few years, the chip field of financing record highs, the first thing chip startups are recruiting, especially IC design companies, mostly small and medium-sized, in a full range of shortage of people, often only a few founding partners and get the financing, 90% of the team members have to be obtained through the recruitment of new members, either dug up from other enterprises experienced engineers, or fresh graduates The new members are either experienced engineers poached from other companies or fresh graduates, and due to the overall shortage of people in the industry, everyone is scrambling for them, and even graduates with a certain level of qualifications need to pay high salaries in order to get them.
After the dissolution event, a number of chip companies, headhunters have thrown olive branches, AIC also quickly organized a public service recruitment to help solve the current senior engineers "difficult to recruit", to alleviate the structural mismatch of talent and other issues. The person in charge of the job market pointed out that the semiconductor industry has always been to wave forward and spiral upward development, different periods, stages may appear forward, stagnation, or even setbacks in the face, but this can not change the overall trend of the industry forward. Although since 2021, the global semiconductor market ups and downs significantly, semiconductor downstream demand shows structural differentiation, so that many practitioners feel the "core road bumps". But the bumpy waves is the objective law, but also in the process of industrial development, "the title should be meaning", in the face of difficulties and obstacles, there are still countless "chip people" are standing in the cockpit of the industrial giant wheel forge ahead into the future.
"In fact, in the semiconductor field of the job market, also presents a 'fire and ice' industry polarization characteristics, many companies are layoffs, while recruiting in certain areas, or even recruiting people." Wang Hongrui, Human Resources Director of ASML China, pointed out, "This year, under the influence of the global recession and the Russia-Ukraine conflict, the employment situation is still characterized by greater uncertainty, but China's economy still shows great resilience and toughness. As far as the semiconductor industry is concerned, according to a report released by Deloitte, the global semiconductor industry practitioners in 2022 is about 2 million people, and is expected to need to increase by 1 million people by 2030; and according to the China Semiconductor Association predicts that the total industry talent will reach about 790,000 by 2024, with a talent gap of about 230,000 people. It is not difficult to see that the global as well as China's semiconductor talent demand gap is very large. Overall, although the industry is pre-cooled, ASML's hiring demand this year is still optimistic."
Semiconductor materials major is a specialty that deals with the preparation, properties, application and design of semiconductor materials, which is one of the important branches in the field of modern science and technology. With the continuous development and progress of science and technology, the employment prospects of semiconductor materials majors are getting broader and broader. This article will specifically analyze the employment prospects of semiconductor materials majors from the following aspects.
As cell phones, PCs and other consumer electronics continued to decline, Intel, Samsung and other semiconductor giants in the first quarter still bear the blow of declining performance. However, some areas represented by automotive chips and semiconductor equipment, etc. are still enjoying growing orders and lucrative profits, or will become a lifesaver to lead the semiconductor industry through the downward cycle. Meanwhile, the generative AI has been on a tear, allowing storage majors to see the hope of a market turnaround in the second half of the year. The global semiconductor industry will enter the last month of the second quarter in anxiety and waiting.
Has not yet turned warm in the first quarter of the global semiconductor market did not usher in the long-awaited turning point in the first quarter, but some business segments have produced a pull effect. The three major PC and data center processor manufacturers of automotive, cloud services sector is generally bullish, NVIDIA has become the largest beneficiary of the AIGC. Storage giants and foundry giants remain under pressure from downward market and product price declines. Analog and power semiconductor giants were generally stable on the back of the automotive business Driven by generative AI, NVIDIA's overall revenue for the first fiscal quarter of FY2024 (ended April 30, 2023) and its data center revenue grew sequentially. In fact, NVIDIA's data center revenues climbed from the second fiscal quarter of 2022 through the third fiscal quarter of 2023, only to pull back in the fourth fiscal quarter of 2023. the business achieved a record $4,284 million in the first fiscal quarter of 2024, and was the primary driver of NVIDIA's overall revenues to achieve YoY growth. In addition, the growth momentum of the automotive chip is still lingering. 2024 first fiscal quarter NVIDIA automotive business revenue also hit a record of 296 million U.S. dollars, a year-on-year increase of 114%. The financial report even said that in the next six years, NVIDIA's automotive business will grow to $14 billion in orders on hand. But the driving power of AIGC is not reflected in the financial data of every processor company. Intel's first fiscal quarter of 2023 is still under downward pressure, but the IDM 2.0 technology route is still advancing as planned. In the first fiscal quarter ended April 1, Intel "four years to achieve five process nodes" plan has advanced to the second node, Intel7 has been mass production, Intel4-based Meteor Lake is expected to launch in the second half. Similar to NVIDIA's automotive business, Mobileye, Intel's autonomous driving subsidiary, achieved record first-quarter revenue, driven by demand in the automotive end market.
AMD's single-digit revenue decline and negative net income in Q1 2023. Operating margins in the data center business declined due to increased product mix and R&D investments. However, revenue in the segment was flat year-over-year, driven by increased sales of cloud services. Through the first quarter, AMD launched 28 new cloud instances, including compute offerings from Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud, and Oracle Cloud. The storage market continued to be sluggish in the first quarter, with headline storage vendors generally reporting revenue declines in the first quarter. Samsung's semiconductor division saw profits decline from the previous quarter due to continued weak demand in the memory business and inventory adjustments. Hynix also in the first quarter by the memory semiconductor market continued to slump, the impact of product prices continue to fall, operating income decreased from the previous quarter.
Foundry giants are also facing market headwinds that have yet to turn. TSMC, which has always been a strong performance in the first quarter, a rare decline in the ring. TSMC CFO Huang Renzhao said the macroeconomic environment and end market demand weakened, resulting in customers adjusted foundry demand, capacity utilization has declined, and the business is expected to continue to be affected by customer adjustments to inventory in the second quarter. Samsung also said the first quarter foundry business utilization rate has declined.
However, not overly dependent on the consumer market, the European IDM, generally stable performance, automotive revenue in particular grew significantly. STMicroelectronics first-quarter revenue rose 19% year-on-year, automotive products and power discrete devices operating profit rose 145% year-on-year. NXP first-quarter revenue was flat year-on-year, automotive business grew 17% year-on-year, accounting for up to 58% of its overall revenue. Infineon's second-quarter (ending March 31, 2023) revenue grew slightly year-on-year, mainly benefiting from revenue boosts in automotive and green industrial energy.
The upstream of the industrial chain of materials, equipment, EDA tools manufacturers, due to the dual drive of the market and technology development needs, the head of the enterprise also delivered stable financial data, EDA major Xinxin Technology, equipment manufacturers Applied Materials, ASML have achieved year-on-year growth in the quarter.
Terminal demand is exceedingly weak, the semiconductor industry boom adjustment period lengthened, the second half of the traditional peak season effect of semiconductors is still full of variables. However, no one winter insurmountable. The reporter learned in an interview, although the semiconductor industry is still in the anxiety and waiting, but the second half of the recovery of the industry as a whole has been a "small lotus just showed the tip of the corner.
Looking ahead to the third quarter, the two foundries TSMC and UMC synchronized down this year's semiconductor and wafer foundry industrial output estimates. It is understood that by high inflation, high interest rates and other factors, the overall economic environment is high uncertainty, the supply chain stocking attitude is conservative, customer orders are mostly urgent single, short single, resulting in part of the foundry's order visibility is not clear.
UMC predicts that the company's revenue recovery force is weaker than expected, this year's semiconductor industry revenue is expected to decrease by 4% to 6%, a rate of decline higher than the original estimate of 1% to 3%; wafer foundry industry revenue will be reduced by 7% to 9%, a rate of decline higher than the original estimate of 4% to 6%.
TSMC estimates that the semiconductor industry in the second half of the year will show a gradual recovery trend, not a "V-shaped" strong recovery. Specifically to the application areas, due to different applications market demand varies, TV and computer market because of earlier inventory adjustment, the current demand is relatively hot, the industrial market also maintains a healthy.
NVIDIA expects the company's fiscal second-quarter revenue will reach $ 11 billion, to achieve about 53% year-on-year growth. Japan's Okasan Securities analyst Rina Oshimo said NVIDIA's results increased the semiconductor industry in the second half of the year is expected to usher in the recovery of this statement of certainty.
For the second half of the situation, AMD is optimistic. AMD Chief Financial Officer Jean Hu said that with the PC and server market strength and AMD new products, the company is confident of growth in the second half of the year.
Storage manufacturers generally maintain optimistic expectations for the second half of the market demand. Samsung said its semiconductor division will focus on high-volume server and mobile products in the second half, based on expectations of a gradual market recovery and a rebound in global demand. Hynix expects the market environment to improve in the second half of the year, and with the growth in the size of the server market for AI scenarios such as ChatGPT, customers adopting high-capacity memory are on the rise, which will have a positive impact on the market.
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