Here's What No One Tells You About Advanced Operating System

Adoption of advanced technology and development in production are expected to play a vital role in the growth and development of the computer industry. Operating System 10 or OS 10  is the most advanced operating system in the field of computer science.

The present world stands on technology and innovation. The bumper use of computers, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, and other electronic devices is the prime reason for the advanced technology and operating systems that transform a complicated task into a piece of cake.

Definition of Operating System

The OS is the most important software that runs on a computer and manages computer hardware, software resources, and provides one common service for computer programs. An operating system is a low-level software that supports the basic functions of a computer like controlling peripherals and scheduling tasks.

History and Evolution of Operating Systems

In 1956, General Motors designed the 1st operating system and ran a Single IBM central computer. After that, there were tremendous changes and rapid evolution can be seen in the operating systems. Here is the timeline of the evolution of the OS

• 1st generation 1945-1955:- The 1st generation machines were programmed by individuals who knew the hardware intimately, in machine code.

• 2nd generation 1955-1965:- High-level languages like COBOL and FORTRAN invented, which made programming more portable and much easier as well.

• 3rd generation 1965-1980:- 3rd generation, integrated circuits make machines reliable and smaller, although they were very costly.

• 4th generation 1980 onwards:- 4th generation gave birth to the age of personal computers. 4th generation computers were used in very large integrated circuits.

• 5th generation 1980 to till now:- 5th generation is the birth of Artificial intelligence. It was the initiative of Japan’s Ministry of Trade and industry.

General-Purpose of Advanced OS

An advanced operating system is a very important software that works on a computer. It manages the memory and process of the computer along with its software and hardware. It also allows the user to communicate with the computer without knowing how to speak the computer’s language.

The three main purposes of an operating system are-

1. Manage computer resources such as CPU, printers, and disk drives.
2. Establish a user interface.
3. Execute and provide services for application software.

Kinds of OS

Embedded Operating Systems

• Serve a single application in a specific context
• Wireless access points, medical devices, washing machines, cars
• Small code footprint, real-time scheduling
• Might have virtual memory/process model
• Microkernels or single-address space: VxWorks, RTEMS, L4
• Now also: Linux, BSD over a real-time kernel

Appliance Operating Systems

• Apply the embedded model to higher-level devices/applications
• File storage appliances, routers, firewalls
• g., Juniper JunOS, Cisco IOS, NetApp OnTap, EMC/Isilon
• Under the hood, almost always Linux, BSD, etc

Microkernels, Library Operating Systems

• Unikernels Shift code out of the kernel into userspace to reduce TCB
• Improve robustness/flexibility; ‘bare-metal’ apps
• Early 1990s: Microkernels are king!
• Late 1990s: Microkernels are too slow!
• 2000s/2010s: Microkernels are back! But now ‘hypervisors’
• Sometimes: alternative linkage (e.g., programming-language)

Hypervisors

• Kernels host applications; hypervisors host virtual machines
• Virtualized hardware interface rather than POSIX
• Paravirtualization reintroduces OS-like interfaces for performance
• A lot of microkernel ideas have found a home here
• g., System/370, VMware, Xen, KVM, VirtualBox, bhyve,

Working on Operating systems requires a lot of dedication and interest. For those students who express an interest in the field of working and creating a new OS, a course in studying OS is nothing else but delightful. The field of computers is becoming deeper and deeper, every chapter has its own story and value at the same time. The advanced operating systems are the call of the time. The need of new technologies and the advancement of the technologies is the father of innovation and ideas.