Software Engineering

This article is about using ontologies to identify the objects from a
problem domain text description. At the center of object models and ontologies are objects within a given problem domain is similar to the concept provided by ontologies. This paper addresses ontologies as a basis of a methodology for object modeling including available tools particularly OntoExtract which can help the conversion process. This paper describes how the developers can implement this methodology on the base of an illustrative example.
Object oriented software development is well supported by
numbers of working methods techniques and tools except for this starting point object identification and building the related system object model. Converting the text description of system problem domain and respective functional requirement specifications into an object model is usually left to the intuition and experience of
developers system analysts. Recently there has been great research interest in applying ontologies for solving language ambiguity problem as either an ontology driven or ontology based approach. This is true for object oriented software engineering mainly because of the similarity in the principles of the two paradigms.Moreover the object systems similar to ontologies which represent conceptualized analysis of a given domain can be easily reused for different applications . An ontology is a specification of a representational vocabulary for a shared domain of discourse definitions of classes relations functions and other objects or more generally a specification of conceptualization . Semantic web uses ontologies as a tool for easy integration and usage of content by building a structured data model. To solve the problem of heterogeneity in developing software applications there is a need for specific descriptions of all kinds of concepts for example classes general things and the relationships that can exist among them and their properties
or attributes.
An ontology in more generally and well known definition is a specification of conceptualization. Ontologies described syntactically on the basis of languages such as eXtensible Markup Language XML  XML Schema Resource Description
Framework RDF and RDF Schema RDFS. The object oriented paradigm is the framework in software engineering influencing all effort in information science.Discovering the right objects seems to be the most difficult task in the whole development process.
The proposed methodology described in this paper is based on five submodels only two namely the text description model T model and class object model C model are included in the classical object oriented software development process.The others model used represent specific analysis work which the developers should do to get benefit from using ontologies for identification of objects. The basic idea is to ensure suitable transformation of the models from one to another using respective
procedure and tools. This paper is structured as follows section 2 is dedicated to a more detailed description of the models as well as to discussion on the techniques and tools which can be practically used for model transformation. An illustrative example
of a part of the information system for the domain of academic management is used throughout the paper to support the planations finally section 3 summarizes the proposed pethodology.