Credit Card Holders Benefit through Congress’ Pressure

In economic figures released by the Commerce Department at the end of May 2007, the U.S. first-quarter gross domestic product (GDP) grew by 0.6 percent. This was the weakest quarterly expansion since the fourth quarter of 2002 and was well under the 0.8 percent growth rate projected by Wall Street economists.

Housing continued to be a drag on the economy and was though likely to remain so in the coming months. However, there were positive signs as well, which could signal a healthier rate of growth towards the end of the year. One of these good signs was personal consumption spending — which powers two-thirds of the economy — increased by about 4.4 percent versus the 3.8 percent figure in April.

In a related report, the Labor Department reported on June 6 that U.S. worker productivity had also increased at a much slower rate than originally estimated. This report raised fears about possible inflationary pressures as labor costs go up.

Most of the performance figures had already been anticipated.

What came as a surprise was that borrowing by U.S. households had expanded by less than half ($2.6 billion) of forecast ($6 billion) as credit card use actually fell for the first time in 13 months. This increase in consumer credit was the smallest monthly increment in seven months, since October.

It seems consumers are pulling back from taking on more debt. Revolving credit, which includes credit cards, declined $403 million in April, the first monthly decline in the 13 months since March 2006. Consumers may be cautious about contracting more debt while housing remains in a slump and economic growth has been so weak. The decline in revolving credit has been interpreted as a sign that consumers are paying off more of their credit card debt.

In the middle of these mixed signals from the various sectors of the economy, legislators have expressed their dismay over practices being followed in the credit card industry. The House Financial Services subcommittee hearings last Thursday, June 7, called for stronger action by the Federal Reserve to control what lawmakers called the deceptive and predatory practices of credit card companies. Lawmakers subjected executives of major credit card issuing banks to intense questioning during the hearing.

Saying that the average American household carries $13,000 in credit card debt and overall credit card debt runs in the hundreds of billions of dollars, the panel chairwoman Rep. Carolyn Maloney, D-N.Y., was reported to have expressed fears “that we will see a perfect storm in consumer credit as these pressures converge on Americans, and that the ripple effect will be felt throughout our whole economy.” Maloney cited the success of credit cards in providing for the credit needs of the American consumer but also emphasized that with great success came “great responsibility.”

Lawmakers think the Fed needs to do more to protect credit card users, and propose to give other bank regulators the authority to curb industry abuses, including policies that confuse consumers and push them into more debt. The Fed is requiring credit card companies to extend to 45 days the notification period to consumers before they implement any changes in the terms of an account. The present practice is that when banks want to make any changes, for instance, to increase interest rates or to impose a higher penalty rate for missed or late payments, they will give only 15 days notice.

The Fed’s proposed full disclosure requirements would, among other things, allow consumers a longer time to look for another credit card. But legislators feel this is not enough and want regulators to impose an outright ban on abusive practices. They do not want to create new laws, but prefer to see regulators act on the problems.

Legislators are targeting other practices like charging interest on portions of debt that is paid on time during a grace period, and raising interest rates because a customer is late on payments to other creditors (not the credit card issuer) — which is termed “universal default” in the industry. Legislation is being proposed that would make some of these practices illegal.

These are serious concerns being raised by our lawmakers. Other regulators appear to agree with the lawmakers. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation chairman is not fully convinced that problems regarding credit card industry practices will be resolved by full disclosure alone. Other federal regulators who were also called to testify expressed support for legislation that would give their offices the authority to curtail practices that are deemed to be deceptive or unfair.

Because of the close scrutiny by Congress, several major banks have started to temper or remove some of their most criticized practices. Banks may need to do more to allay consumer fears, suspicion, and eventually, resentment.

How banks will respond remains to be seen.

Already one of the major credit card issuers, Chase, has begun to articulate its response. The bank has issued a June 12 statement saying that in their view the complex credit card system that exists today will be able to sustain its success if the two principal parties in the relationship — the credit card issuers (banks) and the credit card holders (individual consumers) — acknowledge that theirs is a shared responsibility. The credit card holder must use the card in a responsible manner; the bank must strive to meet the credit card holder’s needs.

Overall, the bank says the credit card has broadened access to credit to all consumers. It insists that average interest rates have gone down from close to 20 percent to only 12 percent approximately, and in many cases issuers no longer charge annual fees.

The bank has defined what responsibility should mean for the credit card holder: pay on time; keep within your credit limit; and maintain your creditworthiness. By following this simple equation, the credit card holder gets an interest-free loan for a certain period when they pay off whole balances every month, fraud and loss protection, and other benefits, plus instant and constant availability of credit.

The bank also delineates what it sees as its responsibility: make sure customers understand the terms of their credit card account; show them how to manage their credit cards; give them tools that help them pay promptly time and stay within their credit limits; spot those in trouble and point to avenues for financial solutions; and evaluate more carefully the credit applicant’s capability to manage debt prior to credit card issuance.

The bank has implemented a set of initiatives to promote greater customer understanding of the terms of their credit card account and to provide tools for managing accounts. This program is channeled mainly through the company’s special website, which it says details everything in clear and simple terms. Some of these initiatives involve:

Putting detailed instructions and calculations that clarify the implications of paying only the minimum amounts instead of paying more on the balance, if not paying it off entirely;

Outlining procedures that allow customers in the military to keep their credit card accounts current when deployed overseas;

Allowing all customers to choose their preferred due date for payments;

Providing instructional materials for students and first-time credit card users to guide them in making prompt payments and keeping within credit limits;

Installing a system of communications where customers can sign up for timely alerts sent via phone, e-mail and text messages to remind them of payment due dates;

Providing for a system of automatic credit card payments; and,

Creating an outreach program to reach those who may be having financial difficulties and to determine what assistance and financial programs can best help them.

Individual credit card holders like you have made your opinions heard, to both the legislators and the credit card issuers. By heeding your opinions, and altering the criticized practices, holding a credit card is becoming even better than before.