How Teachers Can Help Students with Sensory Motor Integration Deficits

Understanding Sensory Motor Integration Deficits

Sensory motor integration deficits are prevalent among children, impacting their ability to process sensory information effectively. This can manifest in difficulties with motor planning, balance, and spatial awareness. According to the STAR Institute for Sensory Processing Disorder, sensory processing issues are found in at least 1 in 20 children in the general population. These challenges can significantly affect a child's daily activities and their performance in school.

General Strategies for Classroom Management

Creating a supportive classroom environment is crucial for students with sensory integration challenges. Here are some general strategies teachers can implement:

• Minimize Physical Contact: Allow these students to line up at the back to reduce unexpected touch.
• Reduce Waiting Times: Avoid having the child wait in lines for long periods.
• Comfortable Clothing: Let students wear a sweater or jacket indoors if it helps them feel secure.
• Personal Space: Ensure there is adequate spacing between students and use visual markers to define personal areas.
• Flexible Seating: Allow the child to choose their seating during group activities to make them feel more in control.
• Activity Participation: Do not force participation in activities if the child shows distress.
• Desk Placement: Position the child’s desk along the side of the room to avoid high-traffic areas and orient it for optimal visibility of peers' movements.

Support for Children Sensitive to Touch

Children who are hypersensitive to touch can benefit from tailored approaches:

• Approach from Front: Always approach these students from the front and use a visual cue before touching.
• Firm Pressure: When physical contact is necessary, use firm pressure rather than light touch.
• Quiet Neighbors: Seat the child next to peers who are calm and quiet.
• Cushioned Seating: Allow the use of a pillow or cushion on their chair for comfort.

Enhancing Sensory Input

Some students require additional sensory input to maintain focus:

• Movement Opportunities: Allow sitting on slightly filled air cushions for subtle movement and encourage physical activities like running or climbing during recess.
• Physical Tasks: Assign tasks that involve repetitive movements, such as cleaning desks or rearranging books.
• Classroom Roles: Utilize these students as messengers to provide them with reasons to move around the classroom.
• Never Restrict Movement: Avoid taking away recess or physical education as a form of discipline.

Additional Considerations

For students who need to stimulate their mouths or hands:

• Hydration and Oral Stimulation: Provide access to a water bottle and allow items like straws or chewable silicone.
• Tactile Objects: Let the student have a small squeeze ball or similar object to manipulate discreetly.

Key Points to Remember

• Multiple Disabilities: Many children with sensory motor integration deficits may also have other disabilities.
• Motor Skills and Spatial Awareness: These children often struggle with motor skills and spatial awareness.
• Anxiety in Crowds: Crowded environments can be particularly overwhelming.

Conclusion

Children with sensory processing disorders experience the world in unique ways that require understanding and accommodations. By implementing these strategies, teachers can significantly improve the educational experience and well-being of these students. Remember, the goal is to adapt the environment to fit the child, not to force the child to adapt to the environment.

For further reading on sensory processing disorders and educational strategies, resources such as the STAR Institute and Understood.org offer extensive information and support.