Since monoclonal antibodies had been prepared in the use of mouse hybridoma in 1975, monoclonal antibody technology has made outstanding contributions to life science research and medical practice for nearly 30 years.
It has become one of the pillars of the modern biotechnology industry. However, despite the monoclonal antibody to promote revolution in biological diagnostic techniques, pharmaceutical raw materials suppliers haven’t achieved any great progresses of monoclonal antibody in the treatment of human disease in a long period. Early clinical trial results are unsatisfactory because of many limitations of murine monoclonal antibody using in human body.
Today's listing of monoclonal antibody drugs, the treatment areas are mainly concentrated in the field of cancer, autoimmune diseases, organ transplant rejection and viral infection. Monoclonal antibody has a clear role and target sites of high affinity, but greatly weakened by the transformation of the antibody immunogenicity, these factors make monoclonal antibodies in clinical specificity, quick and low, side effects, etc. advantages, which monoclonal antibody therapy has broad prospects. Currently, 17 monoclonal antibody drugs approved for marketing, 8 for the treatment of lymphocyte cancer, breast cancer and colorectal cancer monoclonal antibody in the development stage, more than half related to the treatment of various cancers. Can be predicted that there will be more therapeutic monoclonal antibody drug listed in the next few years will further expand its market share.
MAb drugs are generally divided into: the treatment of diseases of the monoclonal antibody agents, anti-tumor monoclonal antibody conjugate, monoclonal antibody treatment of other diseases. The monoclonal antibody pharmaceutical targets are usually disease-related cell surface antigens or receptors. Such as: the first monoclonal antibody drug approved for the treatment of tumors of rituximab; anti-tumor monoclonal antibody conjugate or immunoconjugate consists of two parts of a monoclonal antibody and treatment of substance, including radioimmunoassay conjugates, immunotoxins, chemical immunoconjugate, in addition to enzyme monoclonal antibody conjugate photosensitizer combination of monoclonal antibody conjugates.
Bevacizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody, anti-VEGF and VEGF to block its receptors on the endothelial cells, making the tumor cells can not get the nutrients and oxygen, play a role in the treatment of tumors. Complementarity determining region of the mouse anti-human VEGF monoclonal antibody with human constant region framework chimeric, and the corresponding amino acid residue radical modification, and ultimately the formation of chimeric VEGF MAb, there are still 7% of the amino acids derived from mouse antibodies. The experiments show that bevacizumab is safe and effective for the treatment of cancer. Explore the bevacizumab plus irinotecan efficacy of the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer, 90 patients given bevacizumab plus irinotecan treatment group was 43.3%, the concentration of serum tumor markers before and after treatment were significantly changed. Irinotecan has a higher disease control rate in treatment of metastatic colon. The latest research results show that the use of bevacizumab plus irinotecan and cisplatin first-line treatment of metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma in patients with treatment of adverse reactions in addition to the original irinotecan and cisplatin-induced renal marrow suppression, stomach gut reaction, bevacizumab adverse reactions include thromboembolic disease, gastric perforation. And before patients and hospital use irinotecan in treating diseases, it is necessary for them to know irinotecan price.
Immunotoxin is an oncology drug which is covalently connected by tumor-selective monoclonal antibodies and modified peptide toxins by chemically or genetically engineering. Immunotoxins can combine and internalize with tumor cell surface receptors or cell surface target antigen. Then they will inhibit intracellular protein synthesis and lead to tumor cell death. There are many kinds of toxins, such as plant toxins, bacterial toxins and animal toxins. While the most widely used plant toxin is diphtheria toxin. Diphtheria toxin and immunotoxin of interleukin 2 recombinant is used in the treatment of cutaneous T cell lymphoma.Source:http://www.cospcn.com
The application of tungsten in various industries
Steel Industry Most of tungsten applied in the production of special steels. The widely used high-speed steel was containing 9-24% of tungsten, 3.8-4.6% of chromium, 1-5% of vanadium, 4-7% of cobalt, 0.7-1.5% of carbon.
Magic effects of coconut oil
According to records, coconut oil can be regarded as the nobility of skin care plant extracts. It was rich in exotic tension of tropical plants, which can enhance the contractile force of the pores, perfectly beautify and nourish the skin.
Exploring the Potentials of Nano-Aluminum Powder
Nano-aluminum powder, a material with remarkable properties due to its minuscule particle size, is revolutionizing various industries with its high reactivity and large specific surface area. Unlike its bulk counterpart, nano-aluminum powder begins to oxidize at a lower temperature of 550°C, compared to the 950°C oxidation point of ordinary aluminum. This lower ignition energy and full combustion without apparent cohesion make it a superior choice for applications requiring high energy and efficiency. The unique characteristics of nano-aluminum powder, such as faster burning rates and greater heat release, are largely influenced by its synthesis method, which determines its particle size, surface area, and shape.
