Exploring the Lives of Women in Hostels: A Detailed Survey Analysis

Overview of the Study

The survey focused on women residing in a charity-run hostel that provides basic amenities like single-room accommodation, meals, and washing facilities. The hostel, characterized by its stark and impersonal environment, serves a diverse group of women, ranging in age from 18 to 60 years. The primary referral route to this hostel is direct access, with a secondary route through support networks assisting East African refugees.

Key Findings from the Survey

• Mental Health and Substance Abuse: A significant portion of the residents, about one-third, suffer from major chronic health (MCH) issues, and another quarter face other mental health challenges. Substance abuse and psychological distress are notably higher among younger women, who also experience greater residential instability.
• Social Functioning and Health: The survey applied various diagnostic tools, including the DSM-III-R, General Health Questionnaire, CAGE, and Global Assessment Scale, to evaluate the mental health and social functioning of the residents. Results indicate that severe mental illness does not vary significantly with age, but younger women exhibit different patterns of service needs and health issues.
• Housing Preferences: Despite their challenging circumstances, the women expressed specific preferences for future housing, emphasizing the importance of understanding resident perspectives in developing effective support and accommodation strategies.

Challenges in Data Collection

The survey faced several challenges, particularly in reaching all potential participants. About 26 residents, primarily African refugees from the East, could not be included due to the lack of necessary interpretation services and the survey's limited resources. This highlights a critical gap in accessibility and inclusivity in data gathering efforts.

Contextual Background: Homelessness and Mental Health

Research indicates that individuals with mental health issues are overrepresented among the homeless population (Jenkins and Meltzer, 1995). Homeless women, in particular, are more vulnerable to severe psychiatric disorders compared to their male counterparts and often have greater social stability yet remain underserved by health services (Marshall, 1992).

The Role of Direct-Access Hostels

Direct-access hostels, which provide immediate but basic accommodations and services, play a crucial role in the support system for homeless individuals. However, these facilities often lack the resources to offer personalized care or long-term solutions, which is essential for addressing the complex needs of residents with severe mental health issues.

Conclusion and Recommendations

This study underscores the urgent need for tailored mental health services and stable housing solutions for homeless women. Enhancing the support structure in hostels, improving access to healthcare, and ensuring participation in surveys through inclusive practices are critical steps forward. Future research should focus on expanding the demographic scope and integrating more comprehensive services to better serve this vulnerable population.

In conclusion, while direct-access hostels provide a critical safety net, there is a compelling need for more personalized and sustained interventions to address the mental health and housing needs of homeless women effectively.