Manganese is relatively large affinity with sulfur and oxygen, so the manganese is molten steel deoxidation agent and sweetening agent. In addition, manganese can refine steel grain and improve the quench depth of steel, as well as the manganese alloy agent.
Ferromanganese smelting have blast furnace ferromanganese, electric furnace high carbon ferromanganese, manganese-rich slag, silicon manganese alloy smelting and electrolytic manganese production process.
According to metal powder supplier, blast furnace ferromanganese smelting with carbon heating agent and reducing agent, in the blast furnace, manganese and iron oxides reduction, ferromanganese slag and gas generation, a series of complex physical and chemical process. The blast furnace is the earliest adopted method of high carbon ferromanganese production. Blast furnace ferromanganese smelting raw materials used is mainly ( manganese carbonate ore, oxidized ore, roasting ore and sinter ) ( metallurgical coke, coke, coal tar and coke ) and the flux ( limestone or lime, dolomite and other ). The method using coke as reducing agent and heat source, dolomite or limestone as flux, use the blast furnace to produce high carbon ferromanganese.
Ferromanganese blast furnace smelting process is similar with the blast furnace iron making, the occupation hazards in its production process is also similar. Dust, in the ore transportation, storage, classification and crushing all produce manganese dust, coke dust, lime dust, dolomite dust; blast furnace charging, discharging, slag, smelting, slag generated in the operation process of manganese dust, coke dust, slag dust and so on; repair may be exposed to fire material dust. Physical factors, the whole production process are with high strength mechanical noise and air dynamic noise. Ferromanganese is produced in the process of high temperature heat radiation parts of a blast furnace body and a slag treatment process of slag entrance. In addition, workers are more prone to high temperature burn, scald. Chemical poison, blast furnace smelting process resulting in toxic chemical manganese smoke, lead, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide and others. Ferromanganese alloy furnace workers might be exposed to the harm of lead, and lead in air of workshop content and ore furnace lead emissions and protective effects are closely related.
The raw materials of electric furnace produce high carbon ferromanganese process is manganese ore ( manganese oxide ore, sinter, roasting and artificial manganese rich slag etc.), coke and limestone. Electric furnace method is based on the electric energy as heat source, the coke as reducing agent. High carbon ferromanganese electric furnace is contains a small amount of silicon, phosphorus, sulfur impurities in carbon three element alloy of ferromanganese, manganese and iron is around 92% in ferromanganese, containing 6% to 7% carbon. High carbon ferromanganese electric furnace for steelmaking deoxidization agent, desulfurizer and alloy additives. With low carbon ferromanganese production technology progress, high carbon ferromanganese and also can be applied to producing medium and low carbon ferromanganese. Electric furnace smelting high carbon ferromanganese is continuously performed, that continuous feeding smelting, timing tap. According to the manganese ore grade and different slag basicity controlling different, in electric furnace production of high carbon ferromanganese with flux method, melting method and less flux method have three kinds. High carbon ferromanganese electric furnace process mainly have ingredients, feeding, furnace maintenance and iron casting.
Occupation hazards identification, manganese ore, coke and limestone and other bulk raw materials, transport, feeding in manganese powder and bulk raw materials mixed dust, noise and vibration. Electric furnace smelting, in the process of producing manganese and slag may generated manganese smoke, lead smoke, nitrogen oxides, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and other toxic gas and slag dust, high temperature, thermal radiation, electromagnetic radiation, ultraviolet radiation, noise and vibration. In the operation process of auxiliary equipment exist toxic gases, heat radiation, noise and other hazards. Blast furnace maintainer may contact refractory dust and noise.
Source:http://www.mhcmp.com
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