A satellite navigation system is the standard generic term for satellite navigation systems that is capable of providing autonomous geo-spatial positioning with global coverage. Even Glosnass of Russia is in process of getting restored to full operation.
A satellite navigation system is the standard generic term for satellite navigation systems that is capable of providing autonomous geo-spatial positioning with global coverage. The navigation system supports in determining the longitude, latitude and altitude of a particular object with in a limited area with the help of small electronic receivers. The location determination is done with the support of time signals transmitted along a line of sight by radio from satellites.
It is possible to calculate the precise time with the support of receivers on the ground with a fixed position for the reference as scientific experiments. Navstar Global Positioning System from United States was the only fully operational GNSS till now. But Galileo positioning system of the European Union is now on way of getting fully operationalised in 2010. Even Glosnass of Russia is in process of getting restored to full operation. Beidou navigation system of China is also on the way of getting expanded into a global system. India also hopes that IRNSS, its next generation GNSS to get operational around 2012.
Generally GNSS is classified into various types based on its features:
GNSS-1, the combination of existing satellite navigation systems with Satellite Based Augmentation Systems belong to the first generation system.
GNSS-2, the second generation of navigation systems independently supports a full civilian satellite navigation system, which is exemplified by the European Galileo positioning system.
In early stages, the satellite navigation systems used terrestrial long wave radio transmitters in the place of satellites. Transit, the first satellite navigation system was deployed by the US military in the 1960's which operated on the basis of the Doppler effect.
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