Heavy trucks and trailers have been forced to install ABS for some time. Now micro trucks have begun to install ABS. With these mandatory regulations, it is reasonable that the situation of ABS installation and use should be great, and the safety factor on the road should be improved again. But is this the case?
Understand in principle how ABS guarantees truck braking safety
In the freight industry, as countries, industries and individuals pay more attention to safety, the performance requirements for trucks in safety are becoming more and more strict. For some common electronic assisted braking systems, such as ABS, EBS and ASR, etc. have already been used in passenger cars and have become a standard in the industry.
For trucks, the application of electronic auxiliary braking systems in commercial vehicles has become more mature and recognized by everyone from the perspective of mandatory installation requirements of national series of regulations, the development of design and manufacturing technology, and Kayou's personal experience.
According to the global research data of relevant organizations, ABS vehicles can reduce the accident rate by 13%, and can be reduced by 28% on icy and wet roads.
The mandatory safety standards for motor vehicles promulgated by the state also list the assembly of ABS systems for freight vehicles as mandatory requirements. Through the introduction of the working principle of ABS, I hope to help cardholders to understand the importance of these systems in ensuring driving safety.
ABS (Anti Blockier System)
If the vehicle is locked when the wheel is locked, the vehicle will lose its steering ability, the braking efficiency will decrease, the directional stability during braking will be poor, and the service life of the tire will be reduced. If the front-wheel-locked vehicle loses its ability to steer, and the rear-wheel-locked vehicle will exhibit tail-slip and side slip, this is very dangerous.
The ABS system is formed by adding another control system to the original ordinary braking system. The normal operation of the ordinary braking system is the basic condition for the operation of the ABS system.
The ABS system can prevent the wheel from completely locking during braking, and prevent the wheel from locking due to excessive braking force during emergency braking, so that the wheel always keeps turning during braking and steering.
The system can effectively avoid the occurrence of deviation, side slip, tail flick, and loss of control of the body during emergency braking and shorten the braking distance, thereby ensuring the stability and steering maneuverability of the vehicle and greatly improving the safety performance of the vehicle.
At the same time, the tire's service life is improved to a certain extent because it prevents the tire from slipping on the ground during braking.
ABS is a system composed of many components, but its main components can be regarded as the four major components of the control module (ECU), ring gear, wheel speed sensor, and ABS valve.
Analyze why there is a phenomenon of tire lock when braking
During braking, the tire is first subjected to the braking force of the brake drum, which will produce a backward ground braking force on the ground under this force. Under the condition that the road surface conditions and the weight of the tires remain unchanged, the ground braking force is limited, and will not increase unrestrictedly.
However, the braking force provided by the brake drum will increase with the driver's pedaling depth. When the braking force is greater than the ground braking force, the wheels will be firmly locked by the brake system, and the tire will slip on the ground. At this time, the tire is sliding on the ground, he can slide in any direction, if the car slides laterally, there will be a side slip phenomenon.
Some drivers may misunderstand that the effect of seeing the wheels lock when they brake is good. This is why some vehicles change the brake king after completing the license, which is not true. When braking, the tire can provide maximum braking force when the tire slips while rolling.
The concept of slip rate should be introduced here, but I do not want to put forward the specific formula because it is too complex. It can be simply understood as the ratio of the distance the tire slides to the total distance traveled when braking in a smaller range. If the slip rate is 0, it means that the distance of the tire sliding in this distance is 0, and the tires in this distance roll over (pure rolling phenomenon).
If the slip rate is 100%, it means that the tires have slipped over in this distance, and the rolling distance is 0 (locking phenomenon). Since the tire starts to slip on the ground, it may slip in all directions, including lateral slippage. phenomenon.
During braking, the maximum braking force on the ground will change with the slip rate. When the slip rate is about 20%, the braking force generated by the ground on the wheels will be the maximum, and the vehicle will have the best braking effect.
ABS monitors the tire slip rate through the wheel speed sensor during braking. Appropriate application and release of braking force keep the wheel slip rate at around 20%, which can ensure that the ground can provide the maximum braking force. Improving the braking performance of the vehicle can prevent the wheels from locking and causing dangerous side slip.
Simply put, this is the function principle of the ABS system. After understanding its working principle, I hope that card friends can recognize the safety of the ABS system with excellent performance for driving safety.
