Single Malt Whisky - Highlands Region

Understanding Highland Whisky

When shopping for whisky, whether at a local store or an online exchange, the variety of regions in Scotland can be overwhelming. One common question is: what sets Highland whisky apart from other regions like Islay?

The Geography of Highland Whisky

The Highlands is a vast area stretching from Greenock on the West coast to Dundee on the East coast, extending up to the northern Scottish coast. This region excludes Speyside, which is a topic for another discussion. The Highlands can be further divided into three sub-regions: Western Highland, Northern Highland, and Southern Highland.

A Brief History of Highland Whisky Production

Historically, Highland whisky production was markedly different from that of the Lowlands. Highland distilleries were typically small-scale operations, often run by local farmers who would distill their own whisky and sometimes form cooperatives. Despite accounting for less than 10% of total whisky production, Highland whiskies were renowned for their superior quality and higher price points. Today, the Highlands are celebrated for producing some of the finest Scotch whiskies.

Northern Highland Whiskies

Northern Highland whiskies are known for their robust flavors, often featuring hints of heather, spice, and a light peaty smokiness. The coastal distilleries in this region impart a distinct salinity to their whiskies.

Notable Northern Highland Distilleries

Glenmorangie

Located in Tain, Glenmorangie is famous for its high-quality whisky and boasts the tallest stills in Scotland. Established in 1738, the distillery sources water from the nearby Tarlogie Springs and uses local barley. Glenmorangie produces around 6 million liters of whisky annually, maturing it in ex-bourbon casks. Their special Cellar 13 whisky is matured in a warehouse near the sea, inheriting unique characteristics from its location. The distillery is operated by the "Sixteen Men of Tain," a group of dedicated workers.

Dalmore

Situated in Alness, Dalmore sources its water from the River Alness. Known for its heavy, oily single malts, Dalmore matures its whisky in European oak casks. The distillery uses a unique strain of yeast to produce a rich, fruity "beer" from which the spirit is distilled. Dalmore whiskies are characterized by a rich mahogany flavor and a complex aftertaste.

Old Pulteney

Located in Pulteneytown near Wick, Old Pulteney is the most northerly distillery on the Scottish mainland. The strong North Sea winds contribute to the distinct flavor of this dry whisky with a hint of sea air. Old Pulteney produces a standard 12-year-old single malt and various editions of a 15-year-old malt, which are also used in Ballantine blends.

Southern Highland Whiskies

Southern Highland whiskies are generally more gentle in flavor, featuring fragrant, flowery, and soft, sweet notes. However, they still retain the characteristic peaty flavor of Scotch whisky.

Notable Southern Highland Distilleries

Dalwhinnie

There is some debate about whether Dalwhinnie belongs to the Highland or Speyside region. Located in the village of Dalwhinnie, this distillery is the highest in Scotland. It sources water from local springs and uses peat from surrounding bogs. Although Dalwhinnie is one of the Six Classic Malts, only about 10% of its production is sold as single malt, with the rest used in blends like Black & White.

Edradour

As the smallest distillery in Scotland, Edradour produces a unique and rare whisky, with only 90,000 liters produced annually. This "farm" distillery uses local mountain water, resulting in a smooth whisky with a hint of smokiness. Due to its limited production, Edradour whisky can be hard to find, but it is well worth the effort.

Deanston

Located on the banks of the River Teith, Deanston is a relatively new distillery, having started production in 1965. The river, considered one of the purest in Scotland, provides water and electricity for the distillation process. Deanston uses only unpeated malted barley, resulting in a light, nutty, and malty single malt. It is a key ingredient in the globally recognized Scottish Leader blend.

Western Highland Whiskies

Western Highland whiskies are more robust in character, featuring well-rounded, peaty flavors with a smooth taste. However, only a few distilleries remain in this region.

Notable Western Highland Distilleries

Oban

Oban is perhaps the most well-known distillery in the Western Highland region. Located in the town of Oban, the distillery predates the town itself. Oban whisky features a classic "West-Highland" flavor, balancing the smoky, peaty notes of island whiskies with the lighter, sweeter malts of the Highlands. It is one of the Six Classic Single Malts, making it renowned worldwide.

Ben Nevis

Situated at the foot of Britain's tallest mountain, Ben Nevis distillery sources its water from the Allt a'Mhuilinn, originating from two mountain pools. Although less well-known today, Ben Nevis produces an excellent single malt. The distillery uses a Coffey still, making it one of the few to produce both malt and grain whiskies. Ben Nevis is a major component of the Long John blend.

Conclusion

The Highland region offers a diverse array of Scotch whiskies, each with its own unique flavors and aromas. From the salty whiskies of the northeast to the light, peaty ones in the west, there is something for every whisky enthusiast. For more information and to explore a wide range of Highland whiskies, visit reputable sources like Whisky Advocate and Scotch Whisky Association.

So, whether you're visiting a local whisky shop or browsing an online exchange, take the time to explore the rich and varied world of Highland single malt whisky.