Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (AHUS) is an exceedingly uncommon group of disorders of the kidneys. It is a clearly distinct sickness from hemolytic uremic syndrome. The syndrome is not caused by a foreign broker (such as a bacterium, virus etc).
Instead, some sort of internal chain of events sets the hemolytic uremic syndrome off, and the syndrome becomes active. It is believed that a majority of the cases are genetic in origin. There are four genes associated with this disorder. They are Factor H, Factor I, Factor B and MCP. The first three genes are responsible for producing proteins that originate in the liver. The fourth, MCP, is not systhesized in the liver, but rather is a protecitve coating that lines the kidneys. All four factors cause a problem in the complement system, which ends up damaging the endothelium. The kidney is the organ that seems especially suseptible to these problems.
Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome may become a chronic condition, and patients with this syndrom may experience repeated attacks of the disorder. In either case, atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome patients have many of the the same symptons as typical hemolytic uremic syndrome patients. However, there are quite a number of differences. While the Typical form of the disease may start off more severe, the Atypical form is subject to longer lingering effects, and is much more likely to become a chronic problem. Recurrance is much more common with the Atypical form of the disease. Children with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome are much more likely to develop chronic serious complications such as kidney failure and severe high blood pressure. Transmission of factors appears to be caused by contaminated food, such as ground beef and other cattle products that are undercooked, and unpasteurized dairy products.
Prevention requires a decrease in fecal soilage of meat during massacre and processing. Person to individual link, as easily as pollution of national water supplies, may too get a character in the infection of this bacteria. E coli is normal flora in the astrointestinal tracts of some healthy cattle, and children can contract it by petting a cow. Plasma exchange is currently the treatment of choice. Plasma exchange is performed daily until remission is obtained. In atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with diarrhea, maintain adequate fluid balance and bowel rest. Antibiotics are not effective except for certain forms caused by shigella dysenteriae. In fact, antibiotic therapy may increase the risk of developing atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome in children with E coli.
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