Plumbing - a history

Heating was extremely rare to the growth of modern cities in the 19th Century. Installed at the same time, health officials began urging for better waste management systems. Previously, the system only from the collection of waste dumps and on the ground or in a river. Standardized earthenware plumbing pipes with broad flanges appeared the use of asphalt for preventing leakages in urban settlements of the Indus Valley civilization of 2700 BCPlumbing originated during the ancient civilizations such as Greek, Roman, Persian, Indian and Chinese civilizations as they developed public baths and needed potable water and sewage waste needs. To prevent the Romans used lead pipe to water theft inscriptions. Improvement in plumbing systems was very slow, with virtually no progress on the time of the Roman system of aqueducts and lead pipes until the 19th Century made. Finally, the development of its own, underground water and sewage systems eliminated open sewage ditches and cesspools. Most major cities now separate tube to solid waste treatment plants to ensure a pair of clean water before discharge into streams or other waters. To use for drinking water, was galvanized iron pipes, especially in the United States from the late 1800s to about 1960. After this time, more than copper, even with a soft copper with flared fittings, then use rigid copper pipe with soldered fittings. The use of lead in drinking water declined sharply after the Second World War because of the dangers of lead poisoning. By this time, copper pipes to a better and safer alternatives are introduced to the main pipes.Another material used for plumbing pipes, especially water main is hollow logs wrapped in stainless steel bands. Logs used for water supply used in England almost 500 years. American cities have started to hollow logs in the late 18th Century to 19 .Water systems from antiquity through the force of gravity for the supply of water left, with pipes or channels usually made of clay, lead, bamboo, wood or stone. The current water supply systems use a network of high-pressure pumps and pipes are now made of copper brass, plastic or other non-toxic materials. Today's drain and vent pipes are plastic, steel, cast iron and lead. Lead is not the modern water-supply lines are used because of toxicity. The "straight" parts of the plumbing system consists of pipe or pipes. A pipe is typically formed by casting or welding, where a tube is manufactured by extrusion. Tube usually thicker walls and may or welded strands, where the thin-walled tube and requires special joining offer techniques such as "sold", "compression only", "shrink", or plastic, 'solvent welding'. 
In addition to the straight pipe or tube, there are many connections in piping systems, such as valves, elbows, tees, and unions are required. The pipes and fittings and valves articles discuss these possibilities further.Plumbing fixtures are designed for end users. A few examples of games include toilets (aka toilets), urinals, bidet, showers, baths, and utility sinks, drinking fountains, ice makers, humidifiers, air washers, fountains and eye was cast.A key to the plumbing pipes and fittings Sanitary facilities not included in all systems, such as water meters, pumps, tanks expansion, flow preventers, filters, water softeners, water heaters, wrenches, heat exchangers, flaring pliers, gauges and controls. Now there are more technologically advanced appliances and plumbing help to solve problems without the usual hassles. For example, video cameras used for plumbing inspections of hidden leaks or problems, they use massage jets and high pressure hydraulic pumps to replace steel cables for trench-less sewer line.