Iowa Injured Workers' Bill of Rights

Iowa Law has recognized the needs of its injured workers since 1913. The law requires every employer to obtain workers' compensation insurance (or be approved as a self-insurer) to cover their workers. However, even the best employer is not likely to tell you all you need to know. If you are injured in a work accident or suffer from an occupational disease caused by your work, then Iowa law says that you have 10 basic rights which we will share the first 5 with you here (look for the other 5 rights next week):

1. Lifelong Medical Care: Your employer and/or their insurance company are responsible for paying for all medical care necessary to treat your work related injury. This includes all forms of care and treatment, whether hospital, medical, therapy, nursing, diagnostic testing, surgery, physical rehabilitation or pain management. However, generally your employer and/or their insurance company get to choose your medical providers. The right to medical care and treatment may continue for the rest of your life for conditions related to your work injury or occupational disease.

2. Right to Medical Treatment: You always have the right to seek medical care from any medical provider that you choose. However, please keep in mind that your employer and/or their insurance carrier will generally only pay for medical care that they have authorized or approved. Also, if you have health insurance they may reject the claim as being a work related condition.

3. Payment of Medical Care Including Mileage:

- Medical Expenses: Generally, your employer and/or their insurance company has to provide you with medical care and treatment. This includes them paying for all treatment that they offer to you. However, there are some circumstances that they can be held responsible for paying medical expenses that you incur with medical providers not approved by them. For example, if your work injury claim has been denied then they lose control over your medical treatment. If your injury is later determined to be work related then they would be responsible for the costs. There are other limited circumstances that you can seek medical care with a provider who is not approved and they will be required to pay for it.

- Mileage Expenses: You are entitled to be reimbursed at the rate of $.505 per mile effective July 1, 2008, $.485 per mile effective August 1, 2007, for all mileage you incur going to and from doctors' appointments, physical therapy visits, etc.

4. Right to Refuse Medical Care: You have the right to refuse any medical procedures or care that you do not want. For example, if the company doctor recommends surgery you do not have to proceed with surgery. However, please keep in mind that not proceeding with surgery may have an impact upon your case.

5. Cash Payments While You Recover And Cannot Work: While you are healing and unable to work, you will receive cash payments to replace your usual earnings. This applies to both if you are completely unable to work (known as TTD- temporary total disability benefits) or if you return to work, but are working less than 40 hours per week (known as TPD- temporary partial disability benefits). The amount of your weekly payment is called your "rate" which is discussed below.

- Rate: The amount of your weekly cash payments, also known as your "weekly benefits", is based upon your average earnings prior to the work injury, known as your AWW- Average Weekly Wage. If you are paid on an hourly basis, generally your rate will be based upon your average wages for a 13 week period prior to your work injury, excluding short weeks (weeks in which you did not work a full 40 hours). Your weekly rate is based upon your marital status, your number of exemptions, and your AWW- Average Weekly Wage multiplied times 80% of your spendable weekly earnings. There are both minimum and maximum rates for permanent disability benefits based upon the statewide average weekly wage. Our experience is that in about 50% of our cases, the employer/insurance company has underpaid the employee by using a lower weekly rate than what is owed. That is why in every case it is important to verify that you have been paid the proper rate as it can make thousands of dollars of difference.

6. Cash Payments for Permanent Disability: If your work injury or occupational disease causes a permanent disability also known as a permanent impairment rating or functional impairment rating, then you are entitled to a cash benefits for the resulting disability. The amount of the benefits is based upon the body part(s) involved, prior injuries, the nature and extent of your disability and the amount of your average weekly earnings prior to your work injury.

7. Independent Medical Examination: Once the doctors have said that you will not make further improvement, you have reached MMI, you have the right to have an independent medical examination performed by a doctor of your own choosing for an impairment rating and permanent restrictions. There are several doctors that I will recommend depending on the nature of your injury.

8. Right to Your Job- Under Iowa law your employer is not supposed to fire you for filing a workers' compensation claim. However, you can be terminated for other reasons such as absences, work problems, etc. Also, subject to some exceptions (for example if you are a union member) generally your employer does not have to find you work if you are unable to return to your old job because of restrictions.

9. Right to Find Another Job- Leaving your job does not end your workers' compensation claim. Just because you may be receiving workers' compensation benefits, does not mean that you have to remain employed with the same employer. However, leaving your job while you are still being treated may impact your case and the compensation that you receive.

10. Right to Seek Alternative Medical Care- If the medical care offered by your employer and/or their insurance company is not reasonable then you may file a petition for alternative medical care. However, please keep in mind that there are specific legal requirements that must be completed before filing such a petition. Also, if the employer denies liability in your case then the petition will be dismissed.