The Pekingese, a breed with an imperial legacy, is a small yet robust companion known for its distinctive lion-like appearance and dignified demeanor. Despite their delicate appearance, Pekingese dogs possess a sturdy bone structure and muscular build, concealed beneath a luxurious double coat. This breed's unique physical traits and spirited personality make it a fascinating subject for dog enthusiasts.
The Pekingese, often referred to as the Lion Dog, is a breed steeped in history and regal charm. With its lavish coat, black-masked face, and bold character, the Pekingese is a small dog with a big presence. This breed requires dedicated grooming and patient training, making it a rewarding companion for those who appreciate its noble roots and affectionate nature.
The Pekingese boasts a long, flowing outer coat paired with a coarse, thick undercoat. The breed presents a wide array of coat colors, but breed standards dictate that the lips, eye rims, and muzzle skin must be black. The hair forms a mane-like feature around the neck and shoulders, with feathering on the toes and back of the legs. The Pekingese's head is proportionally large, with a flat face and ears draped in hair. Their dark, expressive eyes are large but not protruding, and their broad, black nose features wide nostrils. A distinctive v-shaped wrinkle separates the eyes, extending from the nose bridge to the forehead. The muzzle is notably short and flat, with a wide jaw and an undershot bite that conceals teeth and tongue when the mouth is closed. The breed's body shape resembles a pear, with a longer body, robust front quarters, and lighter hindquarters. The tail is carried over the back with a slight arch and is adorned with a profuse covering of hair.
The Pekingese stands at about 30.5-45 cm (6-9 inches) in height and typically weighs between 3.6-4.5 kg (6-8 lbs). The Sleeve Pekingese, highly prized during the breed's development in China, must weigh under 2.7 kg (6 lbs), while a Mini Pekingese ranges from 2.7-3.6 kg (6-8 lbs).
Pekingese dogs are known for their bravery, independence, and sensitivity. They form strong bonds with their owners and can be excellent companions. Training requires patience, particularly with housebreaking. They are naturally cautious around strangers, making them effective watchdogs. These intelligent dogs may assert themselves, so early obedience training and socialization are crucial. Without clear boundaries, they may develop Small Dog Syndrome, believing they are the pack leader, which can lead to excessive barking. Proper training and socialization can help the Pekingese become a well-adjusted family pet. However, children should be taught to handle these small dogs gently to prevent injury.
Pekingese can experience several health issues, including difficulty during whelping, susceptibility to colds, herniated disks, dislocated kneecaps, trichaiasis (inward-growing eyelashes), breathing problems, and heart conditions. Prospective owners should be aware of these potential health concerns and seek reputable breeders who prioritize the health and well-being of their dogs.
The Pekingese is well-suited for apartment living due to its small size and moderate indoor activity level. However, daily walks are essential for maintaining physical and mental health. While they are small, some Pekingese can comfortably walk several miles. Owners should be mindful of extreme temperatures, as the breed can be sensitive to both heat and cold.
Pekingese have a life expectancy of 10-15 years. They typically have litters of 2-4 puppies, but whelping can be challenging and is best managed by experienced breeders.
The Pekingese's long double coat requires daily grooming to prevent matting, especially around the hindquarters. Regular dry shampooing and daily cleaning of the face and eyes are recommended. Owners should also check the feet for burrs or debris that could cause irritation. The breed sheds an average amount.
The Pekingese has a storied past, dating back to 2000 BC in Chinese temples. Favored by emperors, the breed reached its zenith in the 19th century. The first Pekingese arrived in England around 1860, with one given to Queen Victoria, named 'Looty.' This marked the beginning of the breed's lineage outside China. The Pekingese Club of England was established in 1904, and the breed was recognized by the American Kennel Club in 1898. However, following the death of Empress Dowager in 1911, a tragic extermination of the breed occurred in China, nearly wiping out the native Pekingese population.
For more detailed information on the Pekingese breed, you can visit the American Kennel Club or the Pekingese Club of America.
While the Pekingese is well-known for its regal history and distinctive appearance, there are lesser-known facts that add depth to the breed's profile. For instance, the Pekingese's unique rolling gait is a result of its distinctive body structure, with a broad front and narrower hindquarters. This breed also has a surprisingly loud bark for its size, which, coupled with its alert nature, makes it an unexpectedly effective guard dog. Despite their small stature, Pekingese dogs have a lion-hearted spirit, often showing fearlessness in the face of larger animals or unfamiliar situations.
In terms of popularity, the Pekingese breed has experienced fluctuations over the years. According to the American Kennel Club's 2020 breed popularity rankings, the Pekingese stands at 93rd out of 197 recognized breeds, indicating a moderate level of popularity among dog owners in the United States. This ranking reflects the breed's enduring appeal, balanced by the considerations required for its care and grooming needs.
The Pekingese's role in cultural history is also noteworthy. The breed has been depicted in various forms of art and literature, symbolizing wealth and status in ancient China. Today, the Pekingese continues to be celebrated in dog shows and breed clubs around the world, preserving its legacy as a breed of imperial distinction.
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