Safety Steps for Earthquake Survival

Understanding Earthquake Risks and Immediate Responses

Earthquakes strike without warning, making immediate response crucial. According to the United States Geological Survey (USGS), the United States experiences approximately 20,000 earthquakes annually (USGS, 2023). The key to survival often lies in quick, calm, and informed actions.

Essential Preparedness Tips

• Home and Workplace Readiness: Always have a flashlight and sturdy shoes accessible at both your home and workplace. If an earthquake occurs while you're in bed, stay there until the shaking stops, then dress quickly to protect against potential hazards like broken glass.
• Protective Actions: If indoors, drop to your knees next to an interior wall, get under a sturdy table, and protect your head and neck with your arms. If in a high-rise building, avoid elevators and use stairs post-event, as elevators may be out of service or dangerous to use during aftershocks.

If You Are Outdoors or in a Vehicle

• Outdoor Safety: Identify and move away from potential hazards such as large trees and power lines. In urban areas, avoid the exteriors of high-rise buildings where glass and debris may fall.
• Vehicle Safety: If driving, pull over to a safe place away from overpasses and power lines. Remain in the vehicle, which can offer some protection from falling debris.

Immediate Aftermath and Long-Term Safety

The aftermath of an earthquake can be just as dangerous as the initial event. Aftershocks, which can occur minutes, days, or even weeks later, often complicate rescue efforts and recovery.

Post-Earthquake Procedures

1. Check for Aftershocks: Be prepared to drop, cover, and hold again.
2. Assess and Act: Check yourself for injuries, use a flashlight (not candles) to inspect damages—especially gas lines—and tune into emergency broadcasts for updates.
3. Family and Pets: Ensure all household members and pets are accounted for and safe. Secure pets to prevent them from escaping or acting aggressively out of fear.

Monitoring and Evacuation

Stay informed through reliable sources like the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and local news outlets for updates on seismic activity and emergency instructions. Evacuate if the structural integrity of your surroundings is compromised, and follow designated safety routes.

Trusting Your Instincts and Observing Nature

Interestingly, anecdotal evidence suggests that some animals can sense seismic activity before humans. For instance, the mass migration of frogs in China in 2008, days before a devastating earthquake, highlights potential natural indicators of impending seismic activity. Observing unusual animal behavior can provide crucial seconds for taking protective measures.

Conclusion

While these guidelines provide a foundation for earthquake preparedness and response, they are not a substitute for professional emergency services. Always prioritize official guidance and training. Remember, preparedness starts with awareness and is sustained by action.