High purity boron powder is a key component in the fuel propellant of next-generation long-range air-to-air missile ramjet engines. Its unique properties make it an ideal choice for meeting the demanding performance requirements of these advanced weapons systems.
China has made significant strides in addressing the technical challenges associated with the use of low-purity boron powder in fuel-rich propellants. Through the use of coatings, adhesives, and agglomeration techniques, they have been able to increase the effectiveness of boron powder in these applications. However, these methods have their limitations. The amount of boron powder that can be coated is limited, and controlling the particle size of agglomerated boron powder is challenging. These factors can negatively impact the performance of the fuel-rich propellant. Additionally, these processes are complex and often lack reproducibility.
In response to these challenges, China has developed a high-purity boron powder. This powder has a very low surface content of B2O3 and H3BO3, making it ideal for use in HTPB boron-rich fuel propellant formulations. This not only improves the burn performance and energy properties of the propellant but also avoids the issues associated with low-purity boron powder.
Research conducted abroad in the 1970s compared the impact of 10um crystalline boron powder and amorphous boron powder on the burning rate of fuel-rich propellants. The results showed that the particle size had little effect on the burning rate. However, propellants containing small particles of high purity boron powder burned at a higher rate than those with low-purity boron powder. The impact of different particle sizes and purity levels of manganese powder on the burning rate was significantly different, highlighting the need for further research into the combustion characteristics of high purity boron powder.
High purity boron powder is characterized by its irregular particle shape and micro-crystalline structure. The surface impurities of H3BO3 and B2O3 are minimal, resulting in a suspension pH value close to neutral when mixed with water. This powder exhibits a smaller yield value and apparent viscosity in the HTPB binder, which remains unchanged with increased mixing time.
The thermal decomposition process of fuel-rich propellant containing high-purity boron powder shows a mass loss within the range of 290 ~ 407 ° C. This suggests that high-purity boron powder has a higher reaction activity in the condensed phase than amorphous boron powder. When burned at low pressures, fuel-rich propellants with high-purity boron powder demonstrate superior combustion characteristics, heat of combustion, and combustion efficiency compared to those with amorphous boron powder.
In conclusion, high purity boron powder offers significant advantages in the production of fuel-rich propellants for advanced missile systems. Its superior combustion characteristics and energy performance make it an ideal choice for these demanding applications. Further research into the properties and applications of this material will undoubtedly yield even more impressive results.
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