Antalya, once known as ancient Anatolia, is a stunning Mediterranean retreat in Turkey, offering more than just sun-soaked beaches and the grandeur of the Taurus Mountains. This region is a treasure trove of history, with an array of remarkable sites that bring to life the area's rich cultural heritage. From well-preserved Roman theaters to sunken ancient cities, Antalya is a haven for those seeking a blend of relaxation and historical exploration.
Aspendos boasts one of the most well-preserved Roman theaters in the world. Constructed during the reign of Marcus Aurelius around 155 A.D., this architectural marvel is not just a relic of the past but a living venue. The Aspendos Opera & Ballet Festival, held annually from mid-July to mid-August, offers visitors a chance to experience world-class performances in an ancient setting. Before the show, guests can wander the city ruins, immersing themselves in a bygone era. This experience is a highlight for any traveler, combining the arts with a touch of history.
The ancient Lycian city of Simena, now known as Kekova, was partially submerged underwater after a 2nd-century A.D. earthquake. Today, visitors can embark on a boat trip or kayak through the turquoise waters to witness the remnants of this sunken city. The nearby village of Kale invites further exploration with its ancient castle, once a Crusader outpost for the Knights of St. John. While swimming through the ruins is prohibited, designated areas allow for snorkeling and swimming in the Mediterranean's crystal-clear waters.
Perched 1,000 meters high in the Taurus Mountains, the ruins of Termessos offer a challenging 30-minute hike rewarded with breathtaking views. On a clear day, the vista from the theater includes Antalya and the Mediterranean Sea. Visitors can explore the remnants of Hadrian’s Triumphal Arch, the gymnasium, the agora, and numerous cisterns and sarcophagi. Termessos is famously known as the city that even Alexander the Great could not conquer in 333 BC, making it an extraordinary testament to ancient fortification.
Founded around 1000 BC, Perge was once among the most opulent cities of ancient Pamphylia. Located approximately 9 miles east of Antalya, it is noted for its Temple of Artemis and well-preserved ruins. The Apostle Paul is mentioned in the Bible's Acts as having passed through Perge, adding a significant biblical connection to the site. Visitors can stroll through the ancient streets and imagine the city's former glory.
Dating back to 700 BC, Phaselis is a quaint ancient Lycian city nestled by the sea. After exploring the ruins, visitors can take a refreshing swim in the Mediterranean. For those interested in a day trip from Antalya, boat tours are available that stop at Phaselis's harbor, offering a chance to dive into the sea, relax on the pebble beach, and enjoy a day of leisure.
The Antalya Museum is an award-winning institution that houses significant artifacts from the region's historical sites. As one of Turkey's largest museums, it sheds light on the Mediterranean's rich history, providing context and depth to the area's archaeological sites.
Whether you're a history enthusiast or simply looking to enrich your holiday with cultural insights, Antalya's historical sites offer a captivating glimpse into the region's storied past. These six destinations are just a starting point for discovering the area's heritage and enjoying the Mediterranean's timeless allure.
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