Discover Effective Ways to Prevent Unwanted Pregnancy

Summary

Oral contraceptives are a widely preferred method for preventing unwanted pregnancy. This article explores the two main categories of oral contraceptives—combined pills and mini pills—detailing their mechanisms, benefits, and potential side effects. We also examine popular brands like Marvelon, Cilest, Mercilon, and Ovranette, providing insights into their usage and effectiveness. Learn how these contraceptives work, who can use them, and what to expect in terms of side effects.

Types of Oral Contraceptives

Oral contraceptives are broadly categorized into two types: combined pills and mini pills. Each type has its unique composition and mechanism of action.

Combined Pills

Combined pills contain two hormones: estrogen and progestogen. These hormones work together to prevent pregnancy in three ways:

1. Inhibiting Ovulation: The hormones trick the body into thinking ovulation has already occurred, preventing the release of an egg.
2. Thinning the Uterine Lining: This makes it difficult for a fertilized egg to implant and grow.
3. Thickening Cervical Mucus: This barrier prevents sperm from entering the uterus.

Mini Pills

Mini pills contain only progestogen. They primarily work by thickening the cervical mucus and thinning the uterine lining. They are often recommended for women who cannot take estrogen.

Popular Combined Pills

Marvelon

Ingredients: Ethinylestradiol (30 micrograms) and Desogestrel (150 micrograms)

Effectiveness: Nearly 100% effective when taken correctly.

Usage: Take one pill daily for 21 days, followed by a 7-day break.

Benefits:

• Immediate protection if taken on the first day of the period.
• Can make periods more comfortable.

Side Effects:

• Headaches
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Breast tenderness
• Loss of sex drive

Who Should Avoid:

• Pregnant or breastfeeding women
• Women over 35 who smoke
• Those with a history of stroke, heart, or circulation problems

Cilest

Ingredients: Ethinylestradiol (35 micrograms) and Norgestimate (250 micrograms)

Usage: Take one pill daily at the same time for 21 days, followed by a 7-day break.

Benefits:

• Predictable menstrual cycles
• Lighter and less painful periods

Side Effects:

• Nausea
• Headaches
• Vomiting
• Breast tenderness
• Weight fluctuations
• Fluid retention

Who Should Avoid:

• Women with phlebitis, blood clotting issues, hepatitis, jaundice, severe skin itching, or high blood pressure

Mercilon

Ingredients: Ethinylestradiol (20 micrograms) and Desogestrel (150 micrograms)

Usage: Take one pill daily for 21 days, followed by a 7-day break.

Benefits:

• Reduces pre-menstrual symptoms
• Almost 100% effective in preventing pregnancy

Side Effects:

• Nausea
• Breast tenderness
• Mood changes
• Breakthrough bleeding

Who Should Avoid:

• Women with liver, heart, or circulation problems

Ovranette

Ingredients: Ethinylestradiol (30 micrograms) and Levonorgestrel (150 micrograms)

Usage: Take one pill daily for 21 days, followed by a 7-day break.

Benefits:

• Treats endometriosis
• Reduces long and painful periods

Side Effects:

• Nausea
• Low sex drive
• Headaches
• Weight gain

Who Should Avoid:

• Pregnant or breastfeeding women
• Women with heart, liver, or circulation problems
• Women over 35 who smoke

Interesting Statistics

• According to the CDC, 12.6% of women aged 15-49 in the U.S. use oral contraceptives as their primary method of birth control (CDC).
• A study published in The Lancet found that combined oral contraceptives are 99.7% effective with perfect use and 91% effective with typical use (The Lancet).

Conclusion

Oral contraceptives offer a reliable and convenient method for preventing unwanted pregnancy. Understanding the different types and their specific benefits and side effects can help women make informed choices about their reproductive health. Always consult a healthcare provider to determine the best contraceptive method for your individual needs.

For more information on contraceptive options, visit Planned Parenthood.