From Grand Crus to Premier Crus, the term 'cru' is frequently encountered in wine tastings and French wine tours. But what does it truly signify?
Anyone who has explored the picturesque vineyards of France or simply browsed the French wine section in a store has likely come across the term 'cru' on wine labels. While it may sound sophisticated and enticing, have you ever pondered its actual meaning?
The word 'cru' translates literally to 'growth,' but in the context of wine, it carries a more nuanced significance. A wine that bears the 'cru' designation on its label originates from a specific vineyard, a group of vineyards, or even a section of a vineyard within a distinct, homogeneous environment or terroir. This implies that the wine should exhibit the unique characteristics of that terroir, with the underlying assumption being that wines from this terroir are of superior quality.
The term 'Premier Cru' or 'first growth' can be somewhat perplexing, as its meaning varies depending on the French wine region in question.
This explains why you might receive different explanations about the term during wine tours in various regions.
Similar to Premier Cru, the definition of Grand Cru can differ across regions. While it always denotes a vineyard renowned for excellent wine production, its position in the classification hierarchy can vary.
The concept of 'cru' classification dates back to the Middle Ages, with some of the earliest adopters being the Catholic monks of Burgundy. The Church, which owned most of the vineyards, meticulously noted which plots produced the best wines. These plots, designated as 'crus,' were reserved for crafting the finest wines.
Today, the Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée (AOC) oversees the intricate task of wine labeling in France, ensuring that the classification system is maintained.
Understanding French wine labels can be challenging, but familiarizing yourself with the regions and their classification systems can be immensely helpful. Wine tours offer an excellent opportunity to experience a region's wines firsthand and gain a deeper understanding of the different terroirs and how they contribute to the creation of the region's finest wines.
By delving into the intricacies of French wine classifications, you can enhance your appreciation and understanding of these exceptional wines. Whether you're a seasoned connoisseur or a curious novice, exploring the world of French wine crus is a journey worth taking.
This article has been crafted to provide a comprehensive and detailed exploration of the term 'cru' in French wine, offering insights into its meaning, history, and regional variations. For further reading on wine classifications and French wine regions, you can visit Wine Folly and Decanter.
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