The Intricacies of Black (Shou/Ripe) Pu-erh Tea

Summary

Black Pu-erh tea, or Shou Pu-erh, is a fascinating and intricate tea with a rich history and complex production methods. This article explores the differences between the Wo Dui technique and wet storage, highlighting the scientific processes behind Wo Dui and the potential pitfalls of wet storage. Discover the history, production, and unique characteristics of Black Pu-erh tea, and learn why it has become a favorite among tea connoisseurs.

The History of Wo Dui Technique

The Wo Dui technique, a method used to accelerate the aging process of Pu-erh tea, was first introduced by the Kunming Tea Factory. According to Qiying Wu, the former president of the factory, research into this technique began in 1973, with the first large-scale application occurring in 1975. This method revolutionized the production of Black Pu-erh tea, allowing for faster aging and more consistent quality.

Understanding the Wo Dui Technique

What is Wo Dui?

Wo Dui is a specialized technique used exclusively for the production of loose Black Pu-erh tea. The process involves piling loose Mao Cha (raw tea leaves) into heaps approximately 1-1.5 meters high. These piles are then moistened with water and covered with wet cloths to create a humid environment. This initial step is known as Wo Dui.

The Fan Dui Process

The tea piles must be turned over, a process known as Fan Dui, on the second day. This turning process is repeated several times over the next 30-40 days. The key to successful Wo Dui processing lies in maintaining the right humidity and temperature levels. When the tea leaves turn a brownish-red color, they are spread out to dry naturally with good airflow. Once the moisture content of the leaves drops below 14%, they are ready for further processing.

Aging and Compression

Wo Dui processed Pu-erh tea improves with aging. The loose tea can be compressed into various shapes, and producers often mix Wo Dui processed tea with new Mao Cha to create blended compressed Pu-erh. This meticulous process ensures a high-quality product that continues to develop in flavor over time.

The Pitfalls of Wet Storage

Wet storage is a less desirable method of aging Pu-erh tea. This technique involves storing the tea in a humid environment, which can lead to mold growth and unpleasant flavors. Wet stored Pu-erh often tastes musty and can deter first-time Pu-erh drinkers. It is essential to distinguish between Wo Dui processed Pu-erh and wet stored Pu-erh to ensure a pleasant tea-drinking experience.

The Science Behind Wo Dui

Wo Dui is a highly scientific process that requires precise control of humidity and temperature. This method ensures that the tea ferments evenly and develops the desired flavors. In contrast, wet storage is a crude method that can result in inferior tea. Understanding the science behind Wo Dui can help tea enthusiasts appreciate the complexity and craftsmanship involved in producing high-quality Black Pu-erh tea.

Interesting Statistics

• The global tea market was valued at approximately $55 billion in 2020 and is expected to grow at a CAGR of 6.6% from 2021 to 2028 (source).
• Pu-erh tea accounts for a significant portion of the Chinese tea market, with an estimated 20% of tea production dedicated to Pu-erh (source).
• The aging process of Pu-erh tea can significantly increase its value, with some aged Pu-erh teas selling for thousands of dollars per kilogram (source).

Conclusion

Black Pu-erh tea, with its rich history and complex production methods, offers a unique and rewarding experience for tea enthusiasts. The Wo Dui technique, a scientific process developed in the 1970s, ensures high-quality tea that improves with age. In contrast, wet storage can result in inferior tea with unpleasant flavors. By understanding the differences between these methods, tea drinkers can make informed choices and fully appreciate the intricate world of Black Pu-erh tea.