Astaxanthin is an unsaturated terpenoid compound. It is widely distributed in nature, such as most of crustaceans and salmonids vivo, the leaves of plants, flowers, fruit, and flamingos’ feathers.
At present, the main source of natural astaxanthin is fresh water algae, rain pluvialis and phaffia rhodozyma. Unprocessed coconut milk can strengthen Fife yeast and produce large amounts of astaxanthin. Astaxanthin extraction methods are solvent extraction, batch fermentation and CO2 supercritical fluid extraction. The astaxanthin can also be isolated by C18 high performance liquid chromatography.
Astaxanthin can not only quenching singlet oxygen, scavenge oxygen free radicals directly, but also block the fatty acid chain reaction. Because of the nature, containing functional groups, hydrogen peroxide and 3-butyl hydrogen peroxide or ascorbic acid promote lipid oxidation, astaxanthin can significantly reduce the damage. Astaxanthin as an antioxidant than other carotenoids has an obvious advantage. Astaxanthin been proven antioxidant capacity than beta-carotene, and hyperbaric oxygen conditions will not become oxidized enhancer. This may be an inherent safety of antioxidant activity of astaxanthin and other oxo carotenoids in the organ of the high concentration of oxygen.
After strenuous exercise of skeletal and cardiac muscles, the experiment of astaxanthin application shows that astaxanthin can increase plasma creatine kinase activity, reduce the gastrocnemius muscle and myocardial myeloperoxidase activity. It can also weaken the role of the infiltration of neutrophils. This osmosis can cause gastrocnemius and further myocardial damage. Astaxanthin through the above mechanisms to alleviate the damage of skeletal and cardiac muscle due to strenuous exercise. In addition, astaxanthin and biotin can also adjust the video display terminal operator's visual fatigue, ocular accommodative power after taking astaxanthin has been markedly improved, and fatigue has been alleviated.
Astaxanthin can stimulate the immune system to inhibit tumor cell antigenicity. In addition, inhibit breast cancer growth, it also plays a positive role, a strong dose-dependent. Astaxanthin can also reduce the carcinogenic aflatoxin, effective control of its size and number of induced hepatocellular carcinoma.
Astaxanthin inhibit the transfer of the fibrous tumor induced by methylcholanthrene). The mechanism may Meth-A cell growth and stimulates the immune response to inhibition of Meth-A antigen is related to inhibition of astaxanthin. Oxidative stress is another factor to cause cancer metastasis, oxidative stress may also cause the increase of lipid peroxides in the liver tissue. After inoculation of cancer cells in oxidative stress in the liver soon discovered that cancer cells metastasis of oral astaxanthin for 14 consecutive days of oxidative stress-induced metastasis rate. Show that astaxanthin caused by inhibition of oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, to improve anti-tumor immune response.
Excessive reactive oxygen species producing by the body is the root causes of many diseases. The special structures of astaxanthin and glutathione make them has a strong antioxidant activity. And antioxidant mechanisms are varied. Astaxanthin also plays a role in the anti-high blood pressure, controlling inflammation, anti-cancer tumor suppressor and enhancing immunity. At present, astaxanthin health care products are produced. There are astaxanthin (0165) preparations, astaxanthin and small amount carotenoids complex preparations in the markets. Foreign countries also develop an anti-infective oral formulation. Astaxanthin diester combing with aspirin can enhance its efficacy. In short, the astaxanthin drug has great prospects in prevention and treatment of human diseases. Source:http://www.cosprm.com
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