Atherosclerosis is a complex, artery related complication and if not treated, has serious repercus

Atherosclerosis is a chronic ailment that remains asymptomatic for decades. Atherosclerotic wounds or atherosclerotic plaques are usually divided into two vast categories, these are stable and unstable (also called vulnerable).

Due to the accumulation of macrophage white blood cells that are promoted by low-density lipoproteins (plasma proteins which transport cholesterol and triglycerides), it may lead to Coronary artery disease (a chronic inflammatory reaction in the walls of the arteries). Hardening or furring of the arteries happens whenever functional high density lipoproteins are not able to effectively remove fats and blood cholesterol from the macrophages by functional high density lipoproteins (HDL). This is often brought on by the formation of multiple plaques within the arteries.

Varied symptoms of Atherosclerosis:

Atherosclerosis generally begins in early teenage years, and is usually seen in most primary arteries. It is asymptomatic but not diagnosed by most diagnostic methods during life. Signs and symptoms normally do not arise until blood flow has become minimal or blocked.

• Abdominal aortic aneurysm


• Coronary artery disease


• Renal system illness


• Mesenteric artery ischemia


• Peripheral artery illness


• Renal artery stenosis


• Hypertension


• Stroke (cerebrovascular disease)


• Thoracic aortic aneurysm

A variety of reasons and risk elements leading to Atherosclerosis:

Atherosclerosis is a kind of illness which specifically affects the medium and large blood vessels. It takes place when body fat, bad cholesterol and various substances build-up within the walls of the arteries and form hard structures referred to as plaque. Plaque could make the artery narrow and much less flexible, which makes it more difficult for blood circulation. If the coronary arteries get narrow, blood flow to the heart can slow down or cease. This may cause chest pain (stable angina), breathlessness or a cardiac arrest.

Bits of plaque could break off and move through the affected artery to smaller blood vessels, blocking them and causing embolization (damaged tissues). This is usually a common cause of cardiac problems. Blood clots can also form all around a fissure within the plaque resulting in clogged circulation. If the clog moves right into an artery in the heart, lungs, or brain, it can cause a stroke, heart attack, or lung embolism. Sometimes, the atherosclerotic plaque is associated with the weakening of the walls of an artery. This eventually results in aneurysm.

Atherosclerosis can affect many distinctive body organ systems, such as the heart, lungs, brain, intestinal tract, renal system, and limbs.

Risk factors with regard to Atherosclerosis consist of

• Diabetes


• Heavy alcohol


• High blood pressure levels


• High blood cholesterol levels


• High-fat diet


• Increasing age


• Excessive weight


• Personal or family history of heart disease


• Smoking

Several methods or treatments that help treat Atherosclerosis:

Refrain from unhealthy fats. Eat well-balanced foods which are lower in fat and bad cholesterol. Include servings of fruit and veggies. Adding fish to your diet twice a week could be beneficial. Nevertheless, do not eat fried seafood.

Ensure you get your blood pressure tested every 1 Or 2 years, particularly if high blood pressure runs within your family.

Exercise regularly for 30 minutes a day if you are not obese, and for 60 - 90 minutes a day if you are obese.

Surgical options:

• Angioplasty and stent - heart - discharge


• Angioplasty and stent placement - peripheral arteries