Epilepsy is a chronic disorder, characterised by recurrent, unprovoked seizures. Many people with epilepsy have more than one type of seizure and may have other symptoms of neurological problems as well. Epilepsy diagnosis is based on multiple pieces of information such as the description of the episodes, the person’s medical and family history and the results of diagnostic tests. Get treatment from the best hospital in India.
Epilepsy can be treated and many people achieve good seizure control with medication. There are other treatments also available in case medication is not effective.
The common tests done diagnose Epilepsy are -
Treatment for Epilepsy
Epilepsy is mainly treated by medication, which particularly includes anticonvulsant drugs. Doctors prescribe medication for Epilepsy depending upon several factors such as the frequency and severity of the seizures and the person’s age, his overall general health and medical history. An accurate diagnosis of the type of epilepsy is also critical to choosing the best treatment. There are several drugs available to treat epilepsy. Brand name anticonvulsants are most preferred by doctors but many insurance companies may not cover the cost hence, it is better to start taking a generic anticonvulsant medication. But remember, if the desired control is not achieved the patient should start taking the brand name drug. Different types of epilepsy vary vastly, the use of medication in general can control seizures in about 70% of patients. Some of the commonly used medicines for Epilepsy are Dilantin or Phenytek, Phenobarbital, Tegretol or Carbatrol, Mysoline, Zarontin, Depakene, Depakote, Depakote ER, Valium and similar tranquillizers such as Tranxene and Klonopin, Felbatol, Gabitril, Keppra, Lamictal, Lyrica, Neurontin, Topamax,Trileptal and Zonegran.
Side effects of medication
The drugs used to treat epilepsy have certain side effects. Depending upon the dose, type of medication and the course of treatment the side effects vary. Patients with higher doses usually have more side effects, but they tend to lessen with time as the body adjusts to the medication. There are three types of side effects –
In certain types of epilepsy, after a few years of medication the patients might be relieved of the treatment while some other might need a lifelong treatment. Patients who are seizure free for a certain period are recommended for a reevaluation to make sure the discontinuation of medicines. Remember, there are a few exceptions! Discontinuing a medication also depends on more than the length of the seizure-free period.
Surgery is done to remove a small part of the brain which is the main cause of epilepsy. Surgery is considered only when seizures cannot be controlled with medication, especially focal seizures. However, Surgery is possible only for a minority of people with epilepsy. Surgery can have its own factors of risks as well.
Vagal nerve stimulation treatment is done by implanting a small generator under the skin below the left collarbone. The vagus nerve is stimulated to reduce the frequency and intensity of seizures. This treatment might be suitable for certain patients with seizures that are difficult to control with medication.
This is a diet which is very high in fat, low in protein and almost carbohydrate-free. This diet can be effective in the treatment of difficult-to-control seizures in some children.
There are some other complementary therapies such as aromatherapy that may help the patient to relax and relieve stress. But, they have not been proven effective to control or on preventing seizures. Some patients suffering from epilepsy grow anxious or depressed due to their condition. In such cases, counselling might help to overcome such situations.
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