Information The Government Makes Public About You

Understanding Public Records

Public records are documents or pieces of information that are not considered confidential. In the United States, the transparency of governmental operations and the accountability of public officials are upheld by making certain records accessible to the general public. This includes a wide range of documents from various levels of government.

What Information Can Be Found?

Here is a detailed list of what can be accessed through public records:

• Real Estate Transactions: Ownership details, property values, and sales history.
• Motor Vehicle Records: Ownership and infractions.
• Court Records: Details of civil and criminal proceedings.
• Professional Licenses: Verification of state-issued credentials.
• Voter Registration: Status and affiliated party.
• Tax Liens and Judgments: Financial claims against individuals or entities.
• Bankruptcy Filings: Legal declarations of the inability to repay debts.
• Criminal Records: Arrests, convictions, and warrants.

These records were once primarily accessed by professionals like journalists and private investigators, but now anyone with internet access can obtain them. The shift to digital records has significantly broadened public access.

The Digital Transition of Public Records

The U.S. government has been proactive in digitizing public records, making them more accessible online through various official portals. For instance, the Public Access to Court Electronic Records (PACER) system allows users to obtain case and docket information from federal appellate, district, and bankruptcy courts. Similarly, state and local governments provide online access to a range of records from property taxes to professional licensing.

Why Are These Records Public?

Public records serve numerous purposes:

1. Transparency and Accountability: They allow citizens to monitor government operations and the conduct of public officials.
2. Public Safety: Background checks using public records can prevent individuals with criminal histories from occupying positions where they could cause harm.
3. Legal and Business Due Diligence: Ensures that individuals and businesses can verify facts before entering into contracts or other binding commitments.

Privacy Concerns and Protections

Despite the availability of many records, sensitive personal information such as Social Security numbers, financial details, and medical records are protected by laws like the Privacy Act of 1974 and various state legislations. However, breaches and unauthorized disclosures can and do occur, highlighting the ongoing tension between transparency and privacy.

Proactive Measures You Can Take

It is advisable to periodically check your own public records to understand what information about you is publicly accessible. This can help in correcting inaccuracies and preparing for any potential misuse of the information. Websites like the Federal Trade Commission’s AnnualCreditReport.com provide free resources to check your credit reports, which can also inform you about potential fraud or identity theft.

Conclusion

Public records play a crucial role in maintaining the transparency and accountability of government operations, but they also raise significant privacy concerns. By understanding what information is available and taking steps to manage your digital footprint, you can navigate the balance between privacy and transparency more effectively.